STIs (Sexually Transmitted Infections) and STDs (Sexually Transmitted Diseases) refer to infections that are primarily spread through sexual contact. While often used interchangeably, "STI" refers to the presence of an infection, while "STD" refers to the resulting disease or symptoms.

Common STIs/STDs:

- Chlamydia: A bacterial infection that can cause pelvic pain, discharge, and infertility if untreated. Often asymptomatic.

- Gonorrhea: A bacterial infection causing painful urination and discharge, which can lead to severe reproductive issues if untreated.

- Human Papillomavirus (HPV): A viral infection that can cause genital warts and is linked to cervical cancer. Many strains are asymptomatic.

- Herpes: A viral infection causing painful sores or blisters on the genital or oral areas. It's a lifelong condition with periodic outbreaks.

- Syphilis: A bacterial infection that progresses through stages, starting with sores and potentially leading to severe health complications if untreated.

- HIV/AIDS: A viral infection that attacks the immune system, leading to AIDS. It's a chronic, life-threatening condition without a cure, but can be managed with medication.

- Trichomoniasis: A parasitic infection causing itching, burning, and discharge, primarily in women.

Prevention and Treatment:

- Prevention: Safe sex practices, including condom use, regular screenings, and vaccination (e.g., for HPV), are key to preventing STIs/STDs.

- Treatment: Many STIs/STDs are treatable with antibiotics (bacterial) or antiviral medications (viral), but some, like HIV and herpes, require ongoing management.

Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent complications and the spread of STIs/STDs to others.

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